Is it true that Shopify compiles both Sass and Less?

The correct response is that Shopify does not compile Less, but it does support Sass. Shopify's theme architecture primarily uses the Liquid templating language along with Sass for styles. Sass (Syntactically Awesome Style Sheets) is a popular CSS preprocessor that allows for more advanced styling features like variables, nesting, and mixins, which are beneficial in managing style sheets effectively.

Less, while also a CSS preprocessor, is not compiled by Shopify, making it unavailable for use in theme development within the platform. Therefore, the capability of Shopify to work with Sass, not Less, validates that the statement is indeed false.