When working on accessibility, what minimum contrast ratio is recommended for 16px body text on a background?

The recommended minimum contrast ratio of 4.5:1 for 16px body text on a background is based on guidelines set forth by the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG). This standard is critical for ensuring that text is readable by individuals with visual impairments, including those with color blindness or low vision.

A contrast ratio of 4.5:1 provides a sufficient level of distinction between text and background, enhancing readability and making it easier for users to consume content without straining their eyes. This standard is particularly important because lower contrast ratios can lead to insufficient visibility, which can hinder the usability of a website for those who rely on accessibility features.

While some might consider ratios lower than this, such as 3:1, these do not meet the best practices for accessibility and could create barriers for users. Options that suggest even higher ratios, such as 5:1 or 6:1, are even more accessible but represent guidelines for larger text sizes or enhanced accessibility, rather than the minimum requirement for standard body text at 16px. Therefore, the minimum recommended contrast ratio of 4.5:1 is both a practical and necessary standard for achieving accessibility in web design.